Urban forests as essential infrastructure for climate resilience and biodiversity: A call to policymakers

Manuel Esperon-RodriguezStefan ArndtMichael Osei AsibeyBenno Andreas AugustinusAlbert BachMonica BallinasVictor L. BarradasDavid N. BartonJuergen Bauhus … See all authors 

First published: 06 November 2025

https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp3.70125

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OPEN LETTER TO POLICYMAKERS AT THE 30TH MEETING OF THE CONFERENCE OF THE PARTIES TO THE UNITED NATIONS FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE (COP 30, BELÉM, BRAZIL)

By 2050, nearly 70% of the global population will live in cities (UN, 2018), increasing the demand for urban green spaces. Urban areas are facing increasing risks from climate change, including heatwaves, flooding, wildfires, and growing social inequality, which challenges urban planning and design. Urban forests form the backbone of green infrastructure supporting resilient, equitable, and sustainable cities. Importantly, their cost-effective benefits advance sustainable development, climate action, and biodiversity conservation.

Read more: https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ppp3.70125